Various pollution sources including automobiles, vessels, factories, construction sites, limestone mining and rock quarrying, open burning in agricultural fields and etc. contribute increasing air pollution in Thailand. Different ministries tackle each pollution sources by different laws and regulations as follows;
Laws to regulate air pollution in Thailand:
- Enhancement and Conservation of National Environmental Quality Act, B.E. 2535 (1992)
The act is a fundamental environmental law in Thailand. Air pollution control is one of the focus of the act. It sets out environmental standard of ambient air quality. Air emission standard for mobile sources as well as industrial facilities are prescribed under the act. - Factory Act, B.E. 2535 (1992)
The act regulates industrial premise as a stationary air emission source. Air emission from stack in the factory shall not exceed standard concentration limit under the act.
- Industrial Estate Authority of Thailand Act, B.E.2522 (1979)
The act sets effluent standard for factories in industrial estates to control pollution load incoming to central wastewater treatment plant of the industrial estates.
Industrial emission standard
ndustrial emission standard is published by Enhancement and Conservation of National Environmental Quality Act, B.E. 2535 (1992) and Factory Act, B.E. 2535 (1992), in which parameters and standards are the same.
Industrial air emission standard in Thailand
| Pollutants | Sources | Process without fuel combustion | Process with fuel combustion |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Particulate (in mg/m3) | 1. Boiler and Furnace | ||
| Fuel Oil | – | Not exceed 240 | |
| Coal | – | Not exceed 320 | |
| Biomass | – | Not exceed 320 | |
| Other Fuel | – | Not exceed 320 | |
| 2. Steel and Aluminum mfg. | Not exceed 300 | Not exceed 240 | |
| 3. Any Source | Not exceed 400 | Not exceed 320 | |
| 2. Sulfur Dioxide (in ppm) | 1. Boiler and Furnace | ||
| Fuel Oil | – | Not exceed 950 | |
| Coal | – | Not exceed 700 | |
| Biomass | – | Not exceed 60 | |
| Other Fuel | – | Not exceed 60 | |
| 2. Any Source | Not exceed 500 | – | |
| 3. Oxides of Nitrogen (in ppm) | Boiler and Furnace | ||
| Fuel Oil | – | Not exceed 200 | |
| Coal | – | Not exceed 400 | |
| Biomass | – | Not exceed 200 | |
| Other Fuel | – | Not exceed 200 | |
| 4. Carbon Monoxide (in ppm) | Any Source | Not exceed 870 | Not exceed 690 |
| 5. Hydrogen Sulfide (in ppm) | Any Source | Not exceed 100 | Not exceed 80 |
| 6. Hydrogen Chloride (in mg/m3) | Any Source | Not exceed 200 | Not exceed 160 |
| 7. Sulfuric Acid (in ppm) | Sulfuric Acid Production | Not exceed 25 | – |
| 8. Xylene (in ppm) | Any Source | Not exceed 25 | – |
| 9. Cresol (in ppm) | Any Source | Not exceed 5 | – |
| 10. Antimony (in mg/m3) | Any Source | Not exceed 20 | Not exceed16 |
| 11. Arsenic (in mg/m3) | Any Source | Not exceed 20 | Not exceed16 |
| 12. Copper (in mg/m3) | Any Source | Not exceed 30 | Not exceed 24 |
| 13. Lead (in mg/m3) | Any Source | Not exceed 30 | Not exceed 24 |
| 14. Chlorine (in mg/m3) | Any Source | Not exceed 30 | Not exceed24 |
| 15. Mercury (in mg/m3) | Any Source | Not exceed 3 | Not exceed 2.4 |
